Labor and social protection
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- Ấn phẩmRetirement dynamics and anticipated well-being: Insights from rural Vietnam(2025) Tran, Dai Binh; Pham, Ngoc Tham; Barriga, PabloAs populations age, ensuring well-being in retirement becomes increasingly important. This study examines the relationship between retirement and anticipated well-being in rural Vietnam, utilizing data from the Thailand-Vietnam Socio-Economic Panel (TVSEP) and an instrumental variable approach. The findings indicate that retirement has a negative impact on anticipated well-being, with significant differences across gender and ethnic groups. Particularly, this effect is statistically significant only among women and individuals of the Kinh ethnicity. These results emphasize the need for targeted social programs that consider socio-demographic characteristics to improve the future welfare of elderly populations. By providing insights into retirement dynamics in developing countries, our study offers valuable guidance for policymakers striving to enhance well-being, reduce gender disparities, and ensure fairness in retirement outcomes within Vietnam’s rural communities.
- Ấn phẩmIntention toward sustainable entrepreneurship in Vietnam(2025) Bui, Thi Thu TrangPurpose – This study aims to explore the factors influencing sustainable entrepreneurial intentions in Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach – A survey of 330 university students in Vietnam was conducted, and the data were analyzed using multiple regressions. Applying the theory of planned behavior and the entrepreneurial event model as theoretical lens, the findings suggest that attitude toward sustainability and perceived entrepreneurial feasibility influence positively sustainability-oriented entrepreneurial intentions. Findings – Contrary to what expected, perceived entrepreneurial desirability has no impact on sustainabilityoriented entrepreneurial intentions. In addition, attitude toward sustainability is positively influenced by altruism and intrinsic rewards, whereas perceived entrepreneurial feasibility is positively related to self-efficacy and negatively related to job security. Finally, perceived entrepreneurial desirability is positively influenced by intrinsic rewards. Originality/value – The research applies the entrepreneurial intention model to sustainable entrepreneurship in the Vietnamese context, highlighting the need to consider variations in entrepreneurial opportunities in intention models and the potential conflict between different work values.
Ấn phẩmHow does labour migration affect living standards of household members left behind? The evidence from Vietnam(2025) Bui, Thi Minh HangUsing the difference-in-differences method and data from the Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey in 2016 and 2018, this article assesses the impacts of labour migration on living standards and income-generating activities of households having members migrating for work. The research results indicate that labour migration significantly improved income and expenditure of migrant-sending households while substantially altering income composition, albeit with minimal influence on expenditure structures. The role of income from agricultural production diminished while the dependence on remittances from migrant members increased, posing substantial risks to these households when the migrant members stopped sending remittances. Labour migration also amplified income and expenditure inequality within migrant households. The poverty status of households was not affected by the labour migration activities of their members. The absence of migrant members did not lead to labour shortages but instead increased the labour productivity of the household. Furthermore, labour migration encouraged remaining household members to invest in labour-intensive income-generating activities such as crop cultivation and animal husbandry- Ấn phẩmThe threads that bind: Weaving respect into workplace culture and impact in Viet Nam's garment sector(2025) World BankViet Nam’s garment industry employs nearly 2.5 million people across more than 6,000 factories. In response to rising global expectations for ethical sourcing and evolving labor regulations, 15 factories supplying a global retailer partnered with IFC from 2022 to 2024 to improve workplace culture through the Respectful Workplaces program. The initiative, delivered in partnership with the Australian Government reached over 10,000 workers and included tailored training, policy reform, and drama-based workshops. By the end of the program, factories reported significant reductions in workplace bullying and harassment, improved employee wellbeing, and stronger retention. The case study highlights how respectful workplace policies — supported by practical grievance mechanisms and survivor-centered approaches — can enhance productivity, reduce absenteeism, and align with international standards. For businesses in global supply chains, these improvements offer a pathway to more ethical and sustainable performance.
- Ấn phẩm'Rural youth aspirations in the face of environmental, economic and social pressures: Transformation in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta'(2025) Coleman, Michael; [et al.]Farming communities in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) face a range of socio-economic and environmental pressures. With out-migration and changing career opportunities, many young people are unwilling to remain in agriculture and prefer careers elsewhere due to poor perceptions of farming as a career. To better understand the educational choices and career aspirations of rural youth in the VMD and the contextual factors afecting these choices, we used an online survey and several focus group discussions to consult university students about their selection of university major, their career aspirations, the role of climate change and other pressures, and opportunities available to alleviate these pressures. Farming itself was an unattractive career pathway, though agricultural services, research and extension were relatively popular. Climate change may reduce agricultural employment prospects, requiring some respondents to pursue other, less impacted careers. Other pressures reported included a lack of certain workplace skills; gendered diferences in career prospects and sectors; inadequate personal networks; and COVID-19 economic impacts. Government and private sector initiatives may help alleviate these pressures via educational, fnancial and entrepreneurial support, valourising diverse career pathways, and ensuring improved inclusivity for youth in rural communities.
- Ấn phẩmDisability Inclusion in rural Vietnam: A case study of household experiences in a WASH intervention(2025) Pham, LienThis paper examines a donor-funded development project in the rural mountainous districts of Vietnam aimed at improving water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services for vulnerable households, particularly those with disabilities. The study investigates the project’s impact on disability inclusion at the household and community levels and identifies factors that support or hinder progress towards inclusion for people with disabilities. Data from a survey of 600 households and interviews with household members and village chiefs provide insights into the perceptions and attitudes towards persons with disabilities (PWDs), and practices of disability-inclusive WASH. While progress has been made in changing attitudes towards the rights of PWDs, there is still room to improve practices, especially in engaging with PWDs, offering affordable disability-inclusive WASH services, and including them in WASH policy decisions. This paper highlights the need for a comprehensive approach that extends beyond household interventions and emphasizes a shift in mindset towards disability inclusion at all societal levels.