Environment
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- Ấn phẩmInfluential factors shaping Vietnamese students' intentions to reduce the use of single-use plastics(2025) Phan, Thi Thanh Thuy; Phan, Thi Nhat Tai; Nguyen, Thi Thu HongEnvironmental degradation due to the overwhelming of plastic waste has raised concerns at an alarming rate worldwide. To ensure a sustainable future and fulfill the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with particular emphasis on plastic waste and pollution (SDG 11, 12, and 14), understanding the factors that affecting university students’ beliefs and perspectives towards pro-environmental behaviour are crucial, assisting relevant stakeholders to develop effective environmental initiatives that drive behavioural change. This research seeks to uncover the main factors driving students’ intention to reduce the use of single-use plastics (SUPs) in Danang City, Vietnam, by utilizing the extended theory of reasoned action as a theoretical framework. The results analyzed from 429 valid data show that environmental attitude, subjective norm and legal and regulatory measures have significant impacts on the intention to reduce the use of SUPs among higher education students, with legislative factor having the strongest weight. The findings also reveals that significant differences are shown in gender and study background (educational level and pedagogical training status) towards SUPs reduction intention. These findings offer new insights and comprehensive information for not only policy-makers in assessing environmental interventions and designing effective programs tailored to specific group needs but also for academics in conducting studies focused on plastic reduction behaviour
- Ấn phẩmFloods, land loss, and gendered vulnerability: Assessing the social impacts of small hydropower in Vietnam(2025) Swe, Khin NilarSmall hydropower projects (SHPs) are often promoted as environmentally sustainable energy solutions in the Global South. However, their socio-environmental impacts, especially on vulnerable and marginalized communities, remain underexplored. This study examines the impacts of the Xoong Con SHP in north-central Vietnam through an integrated approach combining remote sensing, household surveys, random forest classification, focus group discussion and key informant interviews. Grounded in the frameworks of livelihood vulnerability, political ecology of water, and energy justice, the study investigates how flood exposure, land loss, and governance structures affect local well-being and equity. Our findings reveal that land loss is the most significant structural driver of near-poverty, particularly among households that lost agricultural or aquaculture land. Gender and age emerged as key determinants of economic vulnerability, with single female-headed households disproportionately affected. Remote sensing analysis confirmed significant flooding in downstream agricultural areas, corroborating local perceptions of hydrological change. While the hydropower company has provided some community support, limited awareness and unequal benefit distribution undermine its effectiveness. This study highlights critical gaps in both distributive and procedural justice in SHP development. It underscores the importance of disaggregated social impact assessments, gender-sensitive planning, and inclusive benefit-sharing mechanisms. Without such measures, small-scale hydropower risks reinforcing structural inequalities and livelihood insecurities rather than promoting sustainable development. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, planners, and energy developers to ensure SHPs contribute to both low-carbon transitions and socially just outcomes across hydropower-dependent regions.
- Ấn phẩmExtended theory of planned behavior and demographics in household food waste reduction: Evidence from Vietnam(2025) Nguyen, Thi Thuy Giang; Nguyen, Gia HungHousehold food waste is a major sustainability issue, especially in emerging economies like Vietnam. This study applies the extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) to examine the psychological and contextual factors influencing food waste reduction, including environmental concern, awareness of consequences, social norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention. Using a sequential mixed-methods design, qualitative interviews informed survey development, followed by a quantitative survey (n = 550) analyzed via partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). All hypothesized paths were supported, with intention and perceived behavioral control as key predictors. Multi-group and boxplot analyses showed that demographic factors - education, gender, age, income, and household size - moderate behavioral pathways. Awareness-based interventions were most effective among younger and less-educated individuals, while social norms and environmental concern varied by gender and income. Findings extend the TPB by embedding it in a pluralistic behavioral context, offering insight for demographically targeted interventions.
- Ấn phẩmEnhancing the reliability of social vulnerability assessment to natural hazards through combined machine learning methods: A case study in Vietnam(2025) Nguyen, Thuy Linh; Le, Ngoc HieuCommunity risk from natural hazards depends on hazard, exposure, and vulnerability; therefore, effective risk reduction and resilience-building demand comprehensive scientific evaluations of vulnerability, including social vulnerability (SoV). While machine learning (ML) has been increasingly adopted in recent SoV studies, its integration into a comprehensive SoV assessment framework remains limited. This research contributes both theoretically and practically by demonstrating the potential of employing ML to enhance the reliability and mitigate the subjectivity of SoV assessments, especially in the indicator-weighting process of the Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI). To achieve this goal, the research compares SoV of six regions in Vietnam that were derived from expert-based methods with those generated using ML methods. Data spanning 2003-2023 were collected from government reports and field surveys across 15 social indicators. Three ML methods (Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Decision Tree) were applied alongside the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to assign weights for SoVI and generate SoVs. The AHP-derived weights were compared against ML-derived weights to assess the correlation. The performance of ML methods was evaluated using precision, recall, and F1-score to determine the most suitable method for each region. An in-depth discussion of the integration of ML methods into SoV assessment was conducted to evaluate the results and suggest a framework that improves the accuracy of future SoV research, whether across diverse geographical areas or in studies involving complex multi-indicator systems or limited research periods. The findings from the case study also support local policymakers in long-term investment planning and resource allocation.
- Ấn phẩmDeterminants of household carbon emissions: An empirical study in Vietnam(2025) Tong, Hong Lam; Nguyen, Thanh Cong; Nguyen, Thanh AnThe objective of this study is to calculate and analyze the factors that determine household carbon emissions in Vietnam. The study uses a multivariate regression analysis model including variables related to household characteristics and characteristics of the household head based on data from the results of the 2020 Vietnamese household living standards survey conducted by the Vietnam General Statistics Office every 2 years. Carbon emissions or carbon footprint are estimated using a combination of emission factors collected from EPA, EXIOBASE, WRAP. Research results have shown that factors that positively impact total household spending will also positively impact the household’s carbon footprint and vice versa. Specifically, factors including income, household size, house area and number of cars have a positive impact on the household’s carbon footprint. Conversely, the age of the household head tends to shrink a household’s carbon footprint. In addition, households living in urban areas have a larger carbon footprint than households living in rural areas; Households living in apartments have a larger carbon footprint than households living in private houses; Male-headed households will generate larger CO2 emissions than female-headed households; Finally, households whose head of household has an education level higher than high school level will generate larger emissions than households whose head’s education level is higher than high school level or less. At the same time, the study proposes a number of recommendations and solutions to reduce carbon emissions, contributing to changing the amount of emissions causing the greenhouse effect.
- Ấn phẩmAssessment of community livelihood vulnerability to climate change in Vietnam: A case study of ethnic groups in Northern Upland Region(2025) Bui, Thi Hoang LanThis study aims to assess the livelihood vulnerability to climate change of ethnic minority communities in Yen Bai province, a typical mountainous region in northern Vietnam. Utilizing the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) framework developed by Hahn et al. (2009), in combination with the IPCC vulnerability structure, the research analyzes eight components related to household characteristics, health, food, water, housing and productive land, social and financial networks, livelihood strategies, and exposure to climate shocks. Data were collected through a combination of desk study and survey with 480 households from two major ethnic groups: Tay and Thai.The results indicate that the Thai group has a higher overall LVI score (0.43) compared to the Tay group (0.37), reflecting greater livelihood vulnerability. The main factors contributing to this difference are limited livelihood diversification, lower educational attainment, weaker access to healthcare, and higher dependency on climatesensitive resources. Although both groups are highly exposed to climate-related hazards such as flash floods, landslides, and droughts, the Thai group demonstrates greater sensitivity and lower adaptive capacity. This research contributes theoretically by adapting and refining the LVI framework to suit the context of upland ethnic communities, and practically by providing empirical evidence to inform climate adaptation policies. The study highlights the need for differentiated and context-specific strategies that prioritize ethnic minority communities with high vulnerability, focusing on improving education, livelihood diversification, healthcare access, and institutional support mechanisms.