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- Ấn phẩmThe Mekong countries' land transport decarbonization and net-zero strategies: A comparative pilot study with the theory of change and text mining approach to policy analysis(2025) Kistamah, Hansha; Matsuo, MiwaTransport decarbonization is essential for reducing global greenhouse gas emissions, particularly in Asia. This pilot study analyzes land transport decarbonization and net-zero strategies in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. It employs a novel analytical framework combining the Theory of Change model and quantitative text mining approaches to complementarily address key provisions, approaches, challenges, and implications for policymakers. The key findings are classified into content analysis of the policy documents, socio-economic and financial factors, and environmental impact. On the socio-economic front, the political stability and development stages of countries critically affect the strategic options. For instance, Thailand’s high economic status enables Intelligent Transport Systems implementation, and Vietnam’s rapid urbanization drives urban transit infrastructure investment. From a financial perspective, the availability of project funds seriously affects the choice set of investments. Chinese investments are evident in Laos, which leads to extensive investments in rail, while Cambodia depends heavily on ODA, leading to donor-driven development and institutional weaknesses. Vietnam’s shift towards market-oriented solutions in land transport development necessitates innovative financial schemes as it reduces ODA reliance. Funding sources also affect environmental consequences, as Chinese investments prioritize speedy economic development, while international organizations’ investments focus more on social equity and environmental issues. On the environmental agenda, Myanmar’s green transport projects seem driven by international pressure, most probably due to its high ODA dependence, rather than domestic policy priorities. Additionally, all five Mekong countries converge towards electric vehicles (EVs) adoption, prioritizing fuel efficiency and low-carbon emissions as well as investment in public infrastructure such as roads and buses. Policymakers in the Mekong region face complex challenges in balancing economic growth with sustainable land transportation goals, necessitating comprehensive strategies that address technological limitations, infrastructure needs, and environmental concerns.
- Ấn phẩmHow value, cost, and emotions drive electric motorcycle adoption in Vietnam: A cognitive–affective–conative approach(2025) Nguyen, Van BienUrban transportation in Vietnam, dominated by fossil fuel-powered motorbikes, is causing severe air pollution, contributing to climate change, and posing a threat to public health. In response to these challenges, promoting the transition from traditional motorbikes to electric motorcycles (EMs) is considered a sustainable transportation solution, aligning with the global trend toward green development. However, to expand market share and enhance the acceptance of electric motorcycles, a deeper understanding of consumer perception and behavior is essential. This study aims to develop and test a research model based on the cognitive–affective–conative framework. Data collected from 506 conventional motorbike users in Vietnam were analyzed using the SEM method. The study employs a second-order model, grounded in the cognitive–affective–conative framework, to evaluate the relationship between perceived value and perceived cost with the intention to use electric motorcycles, mediated by the role of anticipated emotions. The findings clarify the role of perceived value and perceived cost in shaping customers' anticipated emotions, which significantly influence their intention to switch to electric motorcycles. These insights not only provide valuable information for manufacturers and policymakers but also contribute to shaping development and marketing strategies for electric motorcycles in the future.
- Ấn phẩmMobilizing private investment for road transport in public–private partnership: A study of influencing factors in Vietnam(2025) Lam, Mai DinhThis study investigates the factors influencing private sector engagement in public–private partnerships (PPPs) in Vietnam’s road transport infrastructure sector. The study employs a mixed-method approach, involving qualitative interviews with nine experts and a survey of 200 stakeholders, including government officials, financial institutions, private firms, and academic professionals. Cronbach’s Alpha, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and the relative importance index were applied to test and rank the importance offactors. The findings show that a stable socio-economic environment, firm political commitment, and a transparent legal framework are essential for successfully attracting private investment. Institutional capacity, effective risk-sharing mechanisms, and facilitative policy incentives also significantly influence private sector decisions. Private sector financial availability and access to adequate capital were also highlighted as key factors. Additionally, active supervision, stakeholder feedback mechanisms, and community engagement significantly enhance project effectiveness and encourage social acceptance. This study offers meaningful insights for evidence-based strategies that can be used to build conducive and attractive PPP investment environments in Vietnam’s road transport infrastructure sector.
- Ấn phẩmLow carbon transport policy in Asean countries: A comparative analysis.(5/25/2017) Bakker, Stefan; Anh, Nguyen Tuan; Guillen, Danielle; OthersEmerging countries in Southeast Asia are facing considerable challenges in addressing rising motorisation and its negative impact on air quality, traffic, energy security, liveability, and greenhouse gas emissions. Indeed, even as initial policies to address these issues are being agreed and implemented, current trends are incompatible with sustainable development and long-term climate change targets. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the approach and status of sustainable, low-carbon transport policy in ASEAN countries and identifies differences and similarities, with the aim of helping assessment of feasibility of future policies and informing future studies on policy innovations and cross-country learning. The methodology is based on the taxonomy of policy components developed byHowlett and Cashore, and our data on comprehensive country studies for Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam and interviews. We find that each country has a specific set of goals, objectives and targets that support sustainable transport, and, directly or indirectly, climate change mitigation. In terms of specific instruments and calibrations, which we analyse based on the Avoid-Shift-Improve approach, there are notable differences between the countries, for example in fuel economy policy.
- Ấn phẩmInformal motorbike taxi drivers and mobility injustice on Hanoi's streets. Negotiating the curve of a new narrative.(2020) Turner, SarahThe central government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and Hanoi's municipal authorities are enthusiastically embracing a series of plans and policies for the capital city to create a sustainable mega-city. This state imaginary privileges ‘modern’ mobilities, championing highways, a bus rapid transport system, and an elevated metro, while so called ‘traditional’ means of moving around the city such as motorbikes, bicycles, or cyclos are being strongly discouraged and increasingly marginalised. For example, Hanoi officials are implementing a step-wise ban on motorbikes from downtown streets by 2030, while the majority of the urban population travels by motorbike, with about five million motorbikes plying the city's streets. While such an approach not only creates mobility injustice for lower socio-economic residents of the city as a whole, it threatens to undermine the livelihoods of thousands of informal motorbike taxi drivers (locally known as xe ôm). In this article I engage with the emerging mobility injustice literature to explore how state discourses regarding urban modernisation are impacting the possibilities for Hanoi's xe ôm drivers to maintain access to city streets and viable livelihoods. These drivers must negotiate emerging and often conflicting state policies, their enforcement, as well as new app-based competitors, all of which challenge the equitable distribution of motility and produce important frictions. Nonetheless, xe ôm drivers draw on their agency and creativity during their daily routines to push back, while also creating new narratives regarding their vital role in maintaining neighbourhood security. We thus see how marginalised individuals are counteracting policies they consider unjust, even when this urban agenda is embedded in a politically socialist context.
- Ấn phẩmEvaluation of Impacts of bus priority measures on reliability of bus operation using micro traffic simulation - case study in Hanoi, Vietnam(8/24/2012) Nakamura, Tomoya; Fukuda, Atsushi; Ito, Hideyuki; Hashino, Yoshihiko; Seki, YosuiIn Asian cities, the serious traffic congestion has caused many problems, which have an adverse influence on buses such as delays of travel time, left -behind passenger and overcrowding. However, since the bus is still a dominant transport mode in the most of Asian cities, improving the bus operation in those cities is one of urgent tasks. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects by introducing countermeasures for improving the bus operation from the viewpoints of reliability focusing on Hanoi city. So, in this study, firstly, literature review was conducted for selecting the indicators to assess the reliability of bus operation in Hanoi city, and several indicators based on reliability of travel time and headway were chosen in existing papers. Secondly, Chuong Duong Bridge area where are key routes from the suburbs to inner-city was selected as a case study area because chronic traffic jam causes some troubles on bus operation around this area. Thirdly, those selected indicators were applied to nominated routes based on the data from field survey, and evaluated the reliability of headway and travel time. Finally, the micro traffic simulation model was developed by using VISSIM for estimating the impacts on reliability with comparing among with/without the countermeasures which introduced the bus exclusive lane before Chuong Duong Bridge by decreasing the number of lanes from 3 to 2 lanes as bus priority operation. As the result, the evaluation of reliability of bus operation in Hanoi could be conducted from the perspective of headway and travel time.